|
New
Release -- Superconductor Week does not edit or endorse the following
news release:
ORNL, Princeton Partners in Five-&ear Fusion Project
Oak Ridge, TN, Sept. 14: Knowledge gained by
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
researchers and colleagues through an initiative to begin this fall could answer
several long-standing questions and give the United States a competitive edge in
the design of future fusion power plants.
The $10 million five-year Department of Energy
SWIM (Simulation of Wave Interactions with Magnetohydrodynamics) project
combines the talents and massive computing capabilities of ORNL with resources
at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and several other institutions. The goal
is to study high-performance fusion plasma and perform comprehensive simulations
that are essential to the development of fusion.
Magnetized fusion plasmas contain electrons and
the fusion fuel -- ions of deuterium and tritium. Plasma contained within a
fusion device behaves very differently depending on the shape of the magnetic
field and distribution of the electric current. Because no material can
withstand the 100 million degree temperature of the plasma, it is the magnetic
field that actually contains the plasma. Being able to control the plasma is
critical to the success of fusion as a source of energy.
"High-power radio frequency electromagnetic waves
can heat plasmas to the astronomical temperatures required for fusion and they
can also exert control," said Don Batchelor, who heads the theory group in
ORNL's Fusion Energy Division. "For example, waves can either produce
instability or prevent instability depending on how they are used. Consequently,
understanding and being able to predict the effects of radio frequency waves
remains one of the key challenges."
Batchelor and colleagues plan to use computer
modeling to develop a better scientific understanding of the interaction between
plasma stability and radio frequency power, and to be better able to design
radio frequency systems to control the instabilities inherent in plasma. Such an
achievement would be huge and would remove one of the barriers to obtaining
fusion power, which offers the potential of a virtually limitless source of
energy with none of the disadvantages of today's energy sources.
In a distinct departure from past strategies to
understand magnetically confined plasmas, the SWIM project emphasizes an
integrated approach. This method, Batchelor notes, is much like those used for
climate-change predictions and takes into account the many interactions and
complexities inherent in plasma physics and in nature.
"We are bringing together two areas of fusion
physics that have previously been studied separately," Batchelor said. "As with
systems biology or climatology, the science of the whole of what takes place in
a fusion plasma is far richer than the science of the pieces, and we simply
cannot understand the organism, the evolution of climate or the plasma until we
understand the couplings between the various contributing phenomena."
The project builds upon the successes of DOE's
Scientific Discovery through Advanced Computing programs by taking several of
the most advanced fusion computer codes, combining them to provide a unique tool
in the worldwide fusion program and running them at the National Leadership
Computing Facility at ORNL's Center for Computational Sciences.
The Center for Computational Sciences,
established in 1992 as a DOE high-performance computing research center, is a
designated user facility with several missions, including to help solve grand
challenges in science and engineering. Last year, DOE designated ORNL as the
site for the National Leadership Computing Facility, which will provide the
foundation to propel the U.S. back to the forefront of high-performance
computing.
"Our new computers will play a big part in making
this project a success," Batchelor said. "Being able to run large-scale
numerical simulations that take into account the many coupled processes at work
in magnetized plasma taking place on disparate time scales is vital to the
development of fusion energy."
Not only do plasma simulations serve to advance
science by allowing researchers to evaluate and test basic theory through
comparison with experiments, they also maximize the productivity of experimental
facilities and support design decisions for new facilities. For a device like
the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor, which will cost up to $1
million per day, such decisions can have multi-billion dollar consequences,
Batchelor said.
ITER is the experimental step between today's
studies of plasma physics and tomorrow's electricity-producing fusion power
plants. ITER, which will be located in Cadarache, France, represents a
collaboration among The European Union, Japan, the Republic of Korea, the
Russian Federation, the United States and The People's Republic of China.
Completion of ITER is scheduled for 2016.
Funding for the project is provided by DOE's
Office of Advanced Scientific Computing Research within the Office of Science.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed for the Department of Energy by UT-Battelle.
Return
to industry news releases |
